Crew Resource Management (CRM) is the effective use of all available resources for flight crew personnel to assure a safe and efficient operation, reducing error, avoiding stress and increasing efficiency.

N1= Low pressure compressor spool or fan rotation speed. Usually expressed as a % of Max N1.

N2= High pressure compressor rotation speed.

EGT= Exhaust gas temperature, indicates the temperature at the first stage of the turbine, which is the most critical temperature in the engine.

EPR= Engine pressure ratio of the inlet to the jet pipe, displayed on the EPR gauge to use as a parameter for setting engine thrust

Swept wings have:

• Poor lift qualities

• Higher stall speeds

• Speed instability at low speeds

• A wing-tip stalling tendency

The weight of an aircraft is applied at the CG. The lift at the CP. The relative position between these 2 points determines the stability of the aircraft. For an Aircraft with a tail surface, a CG in front of the CP constitutes a stable system, while a CG behind the CP an unstable system.

Range = 1.23(√H1 + √H2)

= 1.23 * √32000

= 220 nm

The point during a flight at which an aircraft is no longer capable of returning to the airfield from which it took off due to fuel considerations.

Beyond this point the aircraft must proceed to some other destination.

8.000ft

A precision approach uses both lateral (from left to right) and vertical guidance. A non-precision approach only uses lateral guidance.

Due to the structural damage that may occur in thunderstorms, due to hail, severe turbulence and severe windshear.

Besides that, lightning strikes may cause damage to electrical systems and severe icing may occur.

A variable pitch propeller provides an optimum angle of attack for the propeller blades for a longer range which reduces fuel usage, fixed pitch propellers only have a certain rpm.